Per the IBC Charge:

The IBC shall investigate suspected or alleged violations of protocols, external regulations, or University policies that involve biological agents. If violations are insufficiently resolved through normal channels of communications with the Principal Investigator, the Department Chairperson will be notified of the violation and a timeline for resolution will be established. Matters that remain unresolved will be forwarded to the relevant school dean and VPR for resolution. In matters that are deemed immediately dangerous to life and health, the IBC may immediately suspend research involving biological agents. In such extreme cases, and after consultation with the VPR, the IBC may also authorize access restriction, or removal of personnel.

Per the UVA Policy SEC-012:

Failure to comply with the requirements of this policy may result in disciplinary action up to and including termination and expulsion in accordance with relevant University policies.
Non-compliance may be subject to enforcement and penalties as defined by Code of Virginia §  3.2-5145 and §18.2-52.1.
 

Non-compliance with Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) requirements may be subject to enforcement and penalties as defined by the United States Department of Labor (DOL) Federal Civil Penalties.
 

Non-compliance with NIH Guidelines may jeopardize federally funded research. The Inspector General of the Department of Health and Human Services is delegated authority to conduct investigations and to impose civil money penalties against any individual or entity in accordance with regulations for violations of the regulations in this part, as authorized by the Public Health Security and Bioterrorism Preparedness and Response Act of 2002 (Pub. L. 107-188). The delegation of authority includes all powers contained in section 6 of the Inspector General Act of 1978 (5 U.S.C. App.).
 

Investigators/faculty who possess or use biological agents without appropriate IBC approval are subject to suspension of research funding, and laboratory closure at the discretion of the IBC, Institutional Biosafety Officer, or Responsible Official (per 42 CFR Part 73). The Office of Sponsored Programs will not release external funding for projects involving biological agents without evidence of IBC approval.